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Evaluations:
Opening
Page
Using
Evaluations as PLANNING tools
SUGGESTIONS:
Grammar Level Evaluation Strategies
Dialectic Level Evaluation
Strategies
Rhetoric Level Evaluation Strategies
STOCK TOOLS FOR EVALUATION:
Portfolios
Projects
Oral
Presentations
Learning
Logs
Journals
Graphic
Organizers
Self-Evaluation
Cognitive
Growth
Demonstrations
Making
Books
Displays
Published
Tests:
preparing for them and taking them.
Games!
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The Dialectic Stage and Evaluation Possibilities:
Tapestry
of Grace defines the Dialectic stage (for most
students) as that age when children start to frequently ask
"why?" The are interested in connections between facts, not just
facts alone. It is the ideal stage for developing debating skills by
the study of Latin and Formal Logic. For specific aspects and goals of the
Dialectic stage, please see our Philosophy
of Education page.
For some students, this stage represents a major gear shift into
material commonly studied in High Schools today. As his teacher and
parent, you will need to begin to make long-range plans as you seek the
Lord for guidance about your student's future education and vocation.
This page
seeks to help you develop assessment strategies for the following elements
of your program:
Character development:
Definition:
learning to obey quickly, cheerfully and completely, and to perform
tasks cheerfully, diligently, and thoroughly.
These traits will serve any human being in any profession or calling for
his whole life. There simply is no more important aspect of your
academic program than character development. As children walk through the
Dialectic stage, their world becomes "broader." They may
participate in more group, or church, activities. This gives you the
following opportunities:
- Develop goals for your child's interactions with
those outside your immediate family. Such goals might include
growth in:
- service (as unto the Lord, not as man-pleasers)
- evangelism (think of opportunities and train in
what to say or do when encountering unbelievers. Some girls
in our church had a wonderful experience when they decided to set
up a lemonade stand and pass out free lemonade and tracts. The
moms carefully trained the girls in cheerfulness, offering tracts,
and sharing their one-minute testimonies. When the day
arrived, it "just so happened" that (unknown to the
families involved) there was a "march" (for an unrelated
organization--heart research, I think) that brought literally
hundreds of thirsty people by this gospel-centered lemonade
stand!)
- community service: babysitting, volunteering, 4H,
etc.
- relationships: we need to train our children to
choose friends wisely, and to not engage in exclusive or unkind
behavior towards others.
- Be aware of changing needs:
- physical (growth spurts and synapse
reorganization can be real challenges to kids at this stage!
Also, sexual awareness/issues may crop up for the first time)
- spiritual (kids begin to ask tough questions
about God, our faith, and why we believe as we do. We owe
them our full attention and best efforts at truthful, meaningful,
Biblical replies!)
- service (in exploring the wider world, and in
beginning to think about their place in it, the tendency toward
self-centeredness will be strong. Acts of willing service
when no one's looking, and when they'd rather do self-centered
activities, is a wonderful antidote to this growing temptation.)
- relational (they will begin choosing friends,
heroes, and lifestyles during this time, and they will tend to be
self-focused and self-obsessed unless you help them to adopt a
Biblical view of self)
Possible Evaluation strategies (there are more!):
- If you've not already done so, determine to educate
yourself about this new phase of your son or daughter's life.
Read appropriate books, attend church teaching sessions, and talk to
other parents whose older children you respect about their experiences
in walking through these years. Use the information you gather
to help you choose wise and realistic goals for your children.
- While setting your goals, ask several people who are
close to your family to assess your child’s strengths and weaknesses
AND your strengths and weaknesses as they relate to the child’s
development. Determine to
check back with these people at specific intervals for their
observations on your progress and your child’s progress in areas of
weakness.
- Set down on your paper a list (perhaps in two
columns) of your child’s strengths and weaknesses (and list also
your growth areas as they relate).
Set specific, reasonable goals for your child to attain this
coming year. After prayer
and consultation with your spouse, agree in prayer for these goals,
and try to daily lift them up with your spouse and child.
- Determine if you will record your faithfulness in
prayer on paper for the sake of accountability, perhaps by using a
simple check mark on a chart you devise.
- Have your youth develop (with appropriate help) a
list of Scriptures that aid him in fighting battles with besetting
sin. Set specific goals
for memorization, and quarterly (or weekly) assess progress toward
this goal.
A great resource for this task is listed on the Teacher
Development page: the Self-Confrontation manual.
- Consider helping your child to develop a quarterly
(or weekly) self-evaluation strategy.
Together, you can develop a form, a checklist, or simply
interview the child to see if he is aware of his need to grow and
working at progressing in his battle against sin.
- During this time, dads and moms often begin meeting
weekly with their same-sex youths (moms with daughters; dads with
sons) in order to discuss issues and disciple their children more
intensely.
Bible:
Approaches to
Bible instruction for Dialectic level students are as varied as the number
of families attempting it! Some families have Family Devotions as
their Bible course. Some do this in the mornings; some do it at
dinner, some do it at bedtime. Some fathers lead family devotions;
sometimes moms do it. Some families do Family Devotions and ask
their children to use a separate Bible curriculum. Some families
only use a published curriculum, either from the open market or from their
church. Some families teach their children to have individual
devotions, and children get their Bible reading in at this time.
Some families with older children use a "family reading plan"
where all members are reading the same passages so that they can discuss
them at dinner. Some encourage both family reading plans and additional
personal Bible reading choices, or curricula. Whatever your approach,
there should probably be a place for the following in your
"school" program, for Deut. 11:18-21 reminds us,
"You shall therefore impress these words of mine on your heart and on
your soul; and you shall bind them as a sign on your hand, and they shall
be as frontals on your forehead. And you shall teach them to your sons,
talking of them when you sit in your house and when you walk along the
road and when you lie down and when you rise up. And you shall write them
on the doorposts of your house and on your gates, so that your days and
the days of your sons may be multiplied on the land which the Lord swore
to your fathers to give them, as long as the heavens remain above the
earth."
- Scripture memory (while the ultimate age for it is
the Grammar stage, all disciples benefit from memorizing Scriptures
that speak to their specific struggles! At this stage, the
student may be capable of searching the Bible to find such Scriptures,
with your guidance and supervision.)
- Assuming familiarity with the Bible stories of the
Old and New Testaments (these dovetail with Year 1 studies and are
detailed in the Reading Charts for that Year-Plan), Dialectic level
students may want to begin the study of the basic doctrines of the
Christian faith.
- Constant reinforcement of sound doctrine through very
concrete "lessons" remains helpful. These can include object
lessons, teaching during and after conflicts arise, teaching during
and after corrections (chastisement) for sinful behavior.
- Constant reinforcement of the gospel, and our need
for a Savior. Make connections every day between your struggles
against sin and your need for a Savior and your child's. Let him
know he's not alone in his need, nor the provision for that need!
- Prayer: for others and for himself.
- Worship: singing, praising, etc. according to your
family's beliefs and traditions. (Would your child like to begin to
study an instrument that facilitates family devotions, or his own
private worship times?)
- Evangelism: developing a heart for the lost and
engaging more and more in evangelistic endeavors.
Possible Evaluation Strategies (there are many more!):
- Number one on the list: set reasonable, concrete,
measurable goals and then evaluate consistency. You can't do it
all every day, but consistency and humility in the TEACHER are key to
developing joyful disciples. "Drop by drop, the bucket is
full" is my favorite image for imparting spiritual growth.
- Disciples are made "on the way" as we walk
with them. Spiritual things are best "caught" not
"taught." Evaluate YOUR spiritual growth: kids can catch
what they aren't exposed to! Your example will always be more
powerful than your words or any purchased curriculum or church
program.
- Ask your children, from time to time, what God is
putting on their hearts concerning their study of spiritual things.
You may be surprised by their answers.
- If your child is required to engage in private
devotions, gently draw him out frequently on what he's
experiencing/learning in those devotional times. Make it your
job to encourage, instruct and edify those quiet times by being
directive as to what is done in them. One year, I spent the year
instructing my children in various techniques for Bible study,
preaching the gospel to themselves, praying the psalms, mind mapping
sermons on Sundays so they could review them during the week, etc.
The goal was to fill their toolbox with so many approaches to quiet
times that they would never be bored, or at a loss as to how to
conduct themselves.
- Another way to assess the depth of your child's
devotional life is to ask him to keep an "open journal"--one
that you are allowed to read. (I don't suggest you grade this in any
way.) For students just starting in journaling, I suggest a
paragraph a day with some standard "starter" phrases, like:
- Today, I read... and God showed me...
- Today, I prayed that....
- Today, as I prayed, I realized that...
Handwriting:
Hopefully,
while in the Grammar stage your child mastered this fundamental
skill. Tapestry recommends
that your goals for this skill be steady progress towards true mastery of
cursive handwriting by the end of the Grammar stage, but if your child
hasn't mastered cursive handwriting by now, don't cave in to fears that
he's "past the age" or pressure from your student "Oh, mom,
handwriting exercises are for little kids!"
As you probably know, cursive handwriting was developed as the
fastest, most efficient form of handwriting.
The good news for students at this age is that they can learn a fast,
legible cursive hand far more quickly than Grammar stage children, given
the same amount of effort. (The challenge is that they really need
to un-learn BAD habits, and commit themselves to mastery of this important
skill.) Though we live in the computer age, and Tapestry recommends
that your child learn touch typing and use the computer as often as he
can, most children will need to write a quick and legible hand.
This skill may be especially crucial during essay tests in High
School and College, and subsequently, on their jobs.
Possible Evaluation strategies (there are more!):
- Start by praying about, and discussing, concrete and
specific goals with your husband.
Decide what a reasonable expectation for handwriting progress
will be this year, and how you will assess his progress.
- Share the goals and assessment strategies you arrive
at with your student as the school year begins.
- Assessment can take the form of handwriting tests:
the student submits a sample at regular intervals.
These are filed, or inserted in a portfolio,
and evaluated according to models provided in your handwriting
curriculum. You must
decide before beginning the year what criteria you will use to
“grade” his work, and record that on paper.
Example: Christy will write her Scripture memory verse
in cursive each day. Mom
will, daily, check her work. Those
letters that are incorrectly formed will be practiced with Mom’s direct
supervision until properly learned. After
letters are learned, Mom will daily circle letters that deviate
significantly from model letters, either in form or slant.
Christy will have to write each such letter 5 times correctly
before checking off her assignment for that day as “complete.”
- Another possible form of handwriting assessment is to
have the child self-evaluate each day,
with you reviewing her self-assessments only weekly.
Example: After I explain how, Christy will evaluate her
own work each day, circling letters or words in her work that do
not seem to match the model letters in the curriculum.
She will ask for help from Mom if she’s unsure as to how to form
the letter, or join a letter to other letters, correctly. She will then
write all circled letters 5 times correctly before checking off her
assignment for that day as “complete.”
Each Friday, Mom will look over her work to make sure she is
correctly assessing her work.
- For older children who may need remedial handwriting
work, I suggest “speed drills.”
Use one passage all week (three to four sentences— perhaps
combine this task with Scripture memory, but caution: NEVER make
Scripture memory a punishment or odious chore!).
Time Monday’s attempt at writing this passage quickly but
legibly. Correct/practice
any troubling letters/combinations.
Tuesday: same passage, timed. Same on Wednesday through Friday.
See what the lowest time/most legible job the student can
achieve. Save Friday
papers in a file for accountability (with times written on!)
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Keyboarding skills:
We ARE in the
computer age, and your child WILL need these skills.
Many 4-year-olds can zoom around the computer using a mouse.
Dialectic level students should be taught touch typing if they've
not yet learned it. Like
handwriting, you will need to decide stages and ages, but the goal is
rapid, accurate, touch typing without looking at the keyboard.
Most students can achieve mastery by the end of the Grammar stage,
but again, your Dialectic level student may need extra practice this year.
Possible Evaluation Strategies (there are more!):
- Start with setting specific, concrete goals with your
husband after prayer.
- Purchase a curriculum and determine the rate of use.
- Record your goals as for handwriting above,
specifying rate of completion of the program and “grading”
criteria before the child begins his year.
- Be sure to share these goals and specific standards
for grades with your child.
- Many typing programs include evaluation features:
speed, accuracy, etc. You
can choose to rely on these.
- The child can self-evaluate
daily, and you can check his evaluations and his progress weekly or
monthly.
- When evaluating, be sure to show the child his
progress over time and encourage him for diligence and perseverance
(perhaps by keeping a chart of his timed tests if the program does not
include such automagically).
Mathematics:
Goals for the
Dialectic stage differ with the teaching philosophy you adopt.
Most curricula reinforce Grammar level arithmetic skills while
introducing students to higher math concepts. You will need to
prayerfully consider what math curriculum to adopt.
Many Dialectic stage learners are ready for High School math.
If you've adopted a math-teaching philosophy that relied heavily on the
manipulatives in the Grammar years, you may want to shift to more
traditional approaches as your child enters a new phase of learning.
Possible Evaluation Strategies (there are more!):
- Start by writing down concrete and specific goals for
the year. Decide the rate
at which your student will progress through the curriculum you choose.
Decide whether to administer published tests or develop
alternate assessment strategies.
- At the start of the
year, share your goals and standards with your child.
- We always purchased Teacher Books for the curricula
we chose, and had our children self-correct
their work daily. We then
required them to re-work any problems they got wrong and self-correct
AGAIN, before showing their mistakes to Dad (our math teacher).
Dad then spent his precious time working only on the problems
they truly could not understand on their own.
With our Dialectic stage children, we always encountered two issues:
space and sin!
- The space one was odd. Our children (all
six) felt that they had to cram their math work into the smallest
possible space. When the younger ones used lined paper to
record their answers (so that mom and dad could purchase
non-consumable curricula and reuse them later for younger
siblings), they allotted one line per answer. We pleaded
with them to change, and finally had to mandate that they go to
unlined paper so they could "show all work." They
proceeded to draw and number little boxes into which they crammed
their answers. It was amazing to me, the bystander.
Finally, Dad mandated that, after they made their first pass at an
assignment and corrected it and found wrong answers, they MUST
recopy the problems they got wrong and rework each one on a
single, separate sheet of paper. One by one, we watched them
get better scores after submitting to Dad and spreading out on the
paper.
- The sin-math relationship also seemed universal
among our kids. No other academic subject has revealed more of it.
Our children (who are generally obedient and cheerful workers)
balked at lengthening assignments as the Dialectic stage
progressed. They balked at "showing all work." We
heard, "Why do I have to show it? I know it! See?
I got the right answer!" They resisted methods for
solving problems; they even resisted our very teaching methods:
"Please, never mind the concept. I just want to know
the answer!" Both of our older sons gave us
opportunity to see that we were not holding up our end of the
self-evaluation process. But, God was kind. He used
our sin to glorify Himself. Here is an excerpt from my
(now-19-year-old and in college) son's testimony that I happened
to have in my files:
"When I was twelve or
thirteen, the Gospel had a personal impact on my life. I was home
schooled and was responsible for completing and checking my own math
assignments every day. I’m not sure why, but math has revealed more
sin in my life than almost anything else. Anyway, I had gotten into
the habit of doing a half-baked job with my math and then not checking
it over and fixing the mistakes. This pattern continued for several
months. When my dad would ask if I had done my math, I would say yes.
This was a lie.
One day, I went into work with my
dad. For some reason, my dad wanted to look over my old math
assignments. When he did, he saw that I hadn’t been doing my work
completely. Then, he called me in to “talk” to me. I knew that I
was caught. We counted through every single page that I had been
sloppy with. On every one, he wrote LIE!! with a red marker. He gave
me a choice for my punishment. Either I could get about twenty-five
whippings (a whipping was ten swats and was the punishment for a lie)
or I could confess my sin to the rest of the family. My pride was
stinging fiercely, but my body didn’t want the pain. I chose to
confess.
As we were driving home and I
knew that that night I would have to tell everyone, my dad and I were
talking about the Gospel. He said to me, “Mike, before this,
you’ve known about the Gospel, but you’ve never really felt a
personal need for it. Now, you’ve been confronted by the fact that
YOU are a PURPOSEFUL, INTENTIONAL sinner. You need God’s forgiveness
for your sins. You have lied to me and to God over twenty times. You
are not a good person … but you are a forgiven person.” That was
when I really got it. I wasn’t good. I was evil. I needed Christ. He
chose to save me! Driving home in the car, tears of humiliation and
yet gladness running down my face, I really understood what Jesus did
for me."
- Curricula with traditional approaches to math in the
Dialectic years lend themselves very well to traditional test formats
and grade averaging, since the answers are always objectively right
or wrong. (In higher math, grading should take into account
partial answers.) Parents
are encouraged, during the Dialectic years, to continue to focus their
teaching goals on building a solid understanding of math concepts.
Thus, you should remember to use tests and quizzes to help you
spot patterns of misunderstanding, not just to develop a grade
for the report card.
Science:
Goals for
this discipline vary widely. Many
parents continue an "explore the world" approach in the
Dialectic years. Some feel their children are ready for High School
subjects during this phase. Again, as his teacher, it’s
your decision, and you'll need prayer, discernment, and an idea of where
your child is headed, educationally and vocationally, to make it wisely.
Possible Evaluation Strategies (there are more!):
- If
you purchase a “planned” curriculum that publishes tests, then you
will probably rely heavily on those tests for evaluation.
Be sure to begin the year with clear goals that specify the
rate at which you plan to cover the curriculum, and the frequency of
testing, and share this plan with your student.
- If you plan to allow your child to do experiments,
then much of your assessment strategy can involve oral
presentations, lab journals, or demonstrations
(to dad and siblings) of what your student has learned.
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History:
I
purposefully put history late in this list, because by now, you are
getting an idea of the process you can use to develop assessment
strategies, and your options for evaluating historical studies for
Dialectic stage students are so varied that if I started with this area,
you might grow quickly overwhelmed. Assuming you're using Tapestry,
your goals for historical studies (I'm including Church History, Cultural
History (music and art), the History of Science and Geography here, since
we integrate them in Tapestry) are probably to help your child to
begin making connections between the foundational facts and concepts you
laid in the Grammar years. Thus, to the "giants" of
history, the flow of main events of human history and the shape of the
world and its nations, we now add depth of reading, new connections, and
the formal study of argumentative skills. Below is a chart that
suggests content for goal-setting that is Year-Plan specific. Your
goals for Dialectic students might include:
| Year
1 |
- To introduce the various Ancient
Cultures--Western, Eastern, and American--as a background to a
survey of the Bible. Your child will read much of the
Old Testament and selected books from the New Testament this
year. Your goal is to make basic connections between
old, familiar facts and introduce your student to a
higher level of analysis, based on more advanced theoretical
material.
- To reiterate, day after day, the choices men
made to follow God (and eventually Jesus) or to deny Him and
rely on themselves. This is done by studying in greater
depth what "gods" ancients followed, and how they
sought to prepare for their "afterlives." More
than in Grammar years, students will become responsible for
searching the Bible (using a printed or electronic
concordance) to find support for their opinions.
- To show how God chose one nation, Israel, to
be His very own, and observe how He patiently taught them of
His ways and His character through reading many stories in the
Old Testament. The Dialectic student needs to start making
connections between the lessons learned by Israel, and the
character of God as He relates to His people today.
- To show how God used the first great empires
on Asia Minor and in the Mediterranean to first prepare for
the Savior, and then facilitate the proclamation of His Word
and message: the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Again, we
touched on this in Grammar years, but in the Dialectic phase,
your student will suddenly find that his brain wants to create
frameworks to organize and connect facts about the history of
the Ancient World and the Bible.
|
| Year
2 |
- To show the power of God to direct the
affairs of men after His own plan. This is an exciting
year for Dialectics, as they begin to understand the real
opposition that the gospel overcame in the affairs of men, and
the fact that though enemies rely on self and worldly power,
God is always the victor.
- To introduce youths to more people and events
that God brought about on Earth from the 5th to the 18th
centuries. To acquaint students with more details on the
Medieval culture, the Reformation, the colonial period of
American history and the sectional differences between early
colonies, the beginning of racial slavery, the American
Revolutionary War, and the basics of the U. S. Constitution.
If your Dialectic level student has studied these periods
before, the new level of reading and writing will allow him to
enjoy learning about "familiar friends" in much
greater depth. He will make connections he's never made
before between (for example) Explorers and the Reformation, or
the Renaissance and Humanism.
- To hammer home the concept that the written
Word of God is to be our sole guide for all matters of faith
and practice, and to show them how those who adhered closely
to the Word found strength and guidance to glorify God in
troubled times, and joy and peace in serene times.
Again, your Dialectic level student will be applying much of
what he learns this year to his own life: he is trying to find
his place in an ever widening world!
|
| Year
3 |
- For Dialectic stage children, Year 3 history
studies introduce new threads as students go into depth on
some of the "not so nice" parts of this century.
Youths learn about presidents of the United States, the
geo-political development of the United States, inventions and
inventors of the 1900's, the Civil War, the Pioneers, the fate
of Native Americans, modern missionaries sent out from
England, and other major figures in US history from this
period. They also learn more about the history and
geography of Australia, Africa and the Far East. They will
begin to be confronted with some adult themes: slavery,
oppression, poverty and urban problems, great wealth and its
follies and responsibilities. Themes from Year 2 (of
man's self-reliance on human wisdom and rejection of a loving
servant relationship with Him) are seen to bring ever more
erroneous thinking. Romans 1:21-22 is the summary verse
for this year's study.
- Throughout the study, children are taught
discernment as they evaluate these events and people in the
light of God's Word. Not all "progress" was
good; not all people equally benefited from the
"advances" of the 1800's. Dialectic students
are taught that the rapid changes of the 1800's necessitated
careful attention to God's Word, and that when this attention
lapsed, people suffered.
|
| Year
4 |
- For Dialectic stage students, Year 4 history
studies focus on memorable people, events and and concepts.
Children learn about presidents of the United States,
inventions and inventors (with a special emphasis on
technology), world missions and geography, independence
movements worldwide (especially focusing on India, Africa and
Israel), music and art, the World Wars, the Civil Rights
movement, and other important events.
- Throughout the study, children are taught
discernment as they evaluate these events and people in the
light of God's Word. Not all "progress" was
good; not all people equally benefited from the
"advances" of the 20th Century. The 20th
Century demonstrates clearly the fruits of man's self reliant
attitudes and "wisdom" adopted in the 1800's. It is
clearly shown that when people abandon God's Word for the
wisdom of men, they always end up in sorrow and despair.
|
Historical studies for the Dialectic years represent a
"step up" from Grammar level studies in:
- Difficulty of reading level
- Depth of detailed facts learned and remembered
- Depth of analysis presented and required
- Number of connections made between facts and themes
- Ability to adopt a position and then develop and
support that position using facts and examples.
Possible Evaluation Strategies (there are more!):
- As you know, my highest recommendation for the
Dialectic stage, is to build a portfolio
as your major evaluative tool. This form of evaluation
encourages the student to:
- "sum up," "overview," and
"solidify" his course material
- combine the honing of life skills with the
academic, factual subject matter
- display his work to others for added
encouragement and enjoyment
- learn more about his subject by continuing to
review his past work as he displays and explains it to others.
The portfolio will contain samples of written work,
but I encourage you to buy lots of film and take pictures of his other
work: projects, presentations, demonstrations, activities, service
projects, missions opportunities, and field trips can all be
represented (and evaluated) to arrive at a complete picture of his
year. If your child is like ours, he'll enjoy reviewing this
portfolio (alone and with others) for years to come!
- Dialectic students can benefit from practice in
taking objective tests and quizzes. I continue to recommend
these as a secondary, skill building activity. As you
know, such tests are limited in what they can offer in terms of
evaluation. Their value, at this stage, in my humble opinion,
lies in learning how to take such tests, not in actually
displaying their depth of comprehension of the material, since I, the
author of these tests, cannot know what facts, dates and people you,
in your home, focused on when going through the week's work. I
suggest you present these tests to the student in this light: we are
helping you to learn HOW to study for and take such tests well, and
your score reflects not so much your mastery of the material as your
ability to successfully recall isolated facts you've learned. Creating
objective tests is time consuming, but if you feel your student needs
practice in this skill, you should invest in creating such quizzes and
tests for him.
- Throughout the Writing Component of Tapestry and
in the Student Activity pages, projects are suggested that lend
themselves well to display. Projects
speeches, plays, and essay tests (upper levels of Dialectic stage; see
Introductory Notes of the Writing Scope and Sequence and answer keys
to individual published tests for guidance) can be good evaluation
tools IF they are seen as such from the beginning. To read more
about designing projects as evaluation tools, click here.
- Essay tests evaluate two things: what facts your
child remembers, and his skill in selecting and arranging facts into
cogent, persuasive arguments. To wisely use essay tests for
evaluation, be sure to pre-read the tests and their answers so that
you can be sure your student covers the material during the week's
study.
- Dialectic students will be asked to make speeches
or other oral presentations, support arguments, keep journals,
and make displays. All these can be
used for evaluation and self-evaluation,
if seen in that light and laid out as such before they are undertaken.
Literature:
In the
Dialectic stage of the Tapestry program, our goal is to
"straddle the fence" a bit. As with Grammar stage
students, we want to introduce children to good books and capture their
attention. All suggested titles are related to the historical period
students are studying (in order to add rich context to children's
studies), and, in this Dialectic phase, some are actually written in the
period under consideration. Our goals in choosing Dialectic
literature assignments are:
- To engage students by making history interesting and
enjoyable
- To provide deep contextualization of historical
information
- Where possible, to introduce children to the joys of
great and/or classical stories and characters.
Possible Evaluation Strategies (there are others!):
- Each week, the Tapestry of Grace curriculum
plan gives you several "leading questions" for discussion of
literature selections. There is a pattern to these questions.
We want to, over time, develop certain habits in our children.
These include:
- Finding the main ideas as they read the story
- Noticing how story characters measure up to
Biblical standards of morality and ethics
- Evaluating the crafting of the story by noticing
both good and bad features in the way it's written
- Deciding the worth of a book on Biblical bases
(which is the purpose for asking questions like "Is this a
good book, and why?"
Your
discussion can constitute the whole of your evaluation plan for
Literature in the Dialectic stage. Through asking questions, and
guided discussion, your child can show you whether he's developing the
habits bulleted above.
- Dialectic students often enjoy journaling their
thoughts about books. A graded journal
is another possible way for your student to be evaluated.
- Dialectic level students will also benefit from being
introduced to terms used in literary criticism. These will
mostly be introduced through writing assignments, which recommend the Write
Source series. By understanding the terms and goals of
literary criticism, you can evaluate your child's first attempts in
this area in his journals, writing, or discussions.
Other possible academic goals/strategies for Dialectic
Level students:
Latin:
The late
Dialectic stage is the perfect time to study Latin. Major reasons
for studying it include:
- To solidify the student's understanding of English
grammar through the study of an inflected language
- To increase and broaden the student's vocabulary,
since many English words are derived from Latin
- To teach the basic process of learning any foreign
language to the student, using a fairly simple language (Latin) to
start
- To teach the student to think systematically and in
matrixes as he practices the translation of Latin sentences
NOTE: studying other foreign languages will have some of
the benefits listed above, but not all. Please see Dorothy Sayers'
article, Lost Tools of
Learning, for more about the benefits of learning Latin.
Possible Evaluation Strategies (there are others!):
- In prayer, and with your husband's guidance, decide
and prioritize your goals for the student's upcoming year, and project
plans for High School and college. Students who are college
bound need to seriously consider the foreign language requirement most
colleges require. The later (7th-9th grades) Dialectic years are
the perfect time perfect time to get this requirement out of the way.
If Latin is studied in these years, plenty of time remains in High
School to study "living" languages. I recommend choosing a
High School level Latin I course for students in the 7th to 9th
grades.
- Share your goals and standards with your student as
the year begins.
- If your curriculum provides printed tests, you can
use them to determine a grade for transcript purposes.
- You can also assess your student by giving him
quarterly assignments out of High School English grammar texts.
Completing these light assignments should show him how much the study
of Latin is helping his understanding of English Grammar.
- Another such assessment tool: consider purchasing a
computer or paper SAT prep. book. In versions, students can take
practice tests and score them. Using the verbal component tests,
allow the student to try these practice tests quarterly and note his
progress with him, to the glory of God.
Formal Logic:
The Dialectic
years are the perfect time to begin the study of formal logic for most
students, although I have known younger students to delight in studying
this discipline as well. Again, see Dorothy Sayers' article, Lost
Tools of Learning, for more about the benefits of studying formal
logic. All Tapestry of Grace Year-Plans' Teachers' Notes
sections (from Unit 2 on for each Year-Plan) contain tips and topics for
leading discussions that will help you hone the skills your student is
learning. (You will do a far better job if you take some time to
study the basics of formal logic yourself, however! Formal logic
study is fun, and pretty easy for most adults who take the time to try!)
Possible Assessment Strategies (there are many more!):
- Formal debates are still a ways off, but you can
assess the development of your child's study of Formal Logic by
introducing statements, or arguments, during discussions that contain
obvious fallacies. In our house, we made a game of it: when
someone picked up on a fallacy, they had to name it before receiving
"full credit" for being "on the alert." The
best way to assess your child's study of this discipline may be to
simply note how often he applies what he's learned in the curriculum
to everyday life opportunities: discussions, disputes, newspaper
articles and the like.
- If your Formal Logic curriculum includes published
tests, by all means use them alongside the above suggested method as a
means of holding your student accountable for the
"vocabulary" or "grammar" of his studies.
Formal logic uses many precise terms that will be new (and useful) to
your student if memorized properly and thoroughly.
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